The monarchy, as the major model of Iranian government, was reproduced in the Islamic period with changes and transformations but with the preservation of its formative elements. The "Islamic monarchy", along with the caliphate and until the caliphate lasted, was the most important major model of governance, at least in the Islamic East. The Islamic monarchy was based on the "independence" of the king's power from the subjects. It was during the constitutional movement, and in the process of developing a new legal system, that the necessity of limiting the king’s power and recognizing the civil rights and liberties of the nation emerged. Accordingly, the main question of the present discourse was formulated as follows: What legal framework would make it possible and established by paying attention to the limitations and possibilities of that historical moment of "establishment" to constitutionalize the king's power and civil rights and liberties?
The method in the present study should be considered a "subject-based historical method" and not an event-based method that makes a subject historically problematic and analyzes and examines it in a context and through contextual exploration.In light of the research data, the results of the research can be stated as follows: At the initial core of the strategy of conditionalizing the king's power was the removal of legislative power from the monarchy and its transfer to the newly established institution of the National Consultative Assembly (the elected assembly of the people). As a result of these legal decisions, the king changed from a sultan with authority to a king who signed the decrees approved by the assembly for implementation and had no authority to oppose them. The results of this research also revealed that the issue of the Citizens' Rights was at the center of the implementation of the legal form of this new political order. A challenge that expressed the existence of important intellectual-political tendencies among the ranks of the constitutionalists. The advocates of Mashru'eh constitutionalism was the most important intellectual-political current that was revealed in determining the limits of the nation's rights. Of course, liberal and social democratic narratives also showed another side of this gap over the extent of the nation's rights. In any case, in the end, it was the balance of political forces between the parties to the conflict that determined the legal form resulting in the limits of the nation's rights in the document of the Constitution and the Amendment. In establishing the new constitutional political system, the rights of the nation were accepted with reservations about the limitations arising from the boundaries of the jurisprudential narrative.