Persian Books
-Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, Ali bin Husayn. (2010 CE). Maqatil al-Talibin (The Slain of the Talibids), Translated by Seyed Hashem Rasouli Mahallati, Tehran: Daftar-e Nashr-e Farhang-e Islami. [In Persian]
-Abu Yusuf, Yaqub Ibn Ibrahim, (2020 CE). Al-Kharaj (The Book of Taxation), Translated by Mohammad Rahim Rabbanizadeh,Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies. [In Persian]
-Al-Laythi, Samirah Mukhtar, (2009 CE), Mobarezat-e Shiayan dar Doreh-ye Nokhostin-e Khilafat-e Abbasian (The Struggles of Shiites in the Early Period of the Abbasid Caliphate), Translated by Seyed Kazim Tabatabai. Tehran: Beh Nashr. [In Persian]
-Balaqi, Sadr al-Din, (1979 CE). Edalat va Qaza dar Islam (Justice and Judicature in Islam), Tehran: Nashr-e Amirkabir. [In Persian]
-Darvishzadeh, Mohammad (2024). "The Concept of Research and Development in Public Law", Biannual Journal of Research and Development in Public Law, Vol. 1(1), pp. 7-13 doi: 10.22034/jrpl.2025.721268 . [In Persian]
-Farahmandpour, Fahimeh, Khezri, Ahmad Reza, and Mahboubeh Farokhandezadeh. (Winter 2012 CE). "Tahavvolat-e Divan-e Qazai va Ta'sir-e an bar Vaz'iyyat va Jaygah-e Qazavat; az Aval-e Khilafat-e Abbasi ta Tassallot-e Al-e Buyeh bar Baghdad (The Developments of the Judicial Court and Its Impact on the Status and Position of Judging; from the Early Abbasid Caliphate to the Buyid Domination over Baghdad)". Faslnamah-ye Motale'at-e Farhangi (Cultural Studies Quarterly), Third Year, No. 10, pp. 82-102. [In Persian]
-Fayyaz, Ali Akbar, (2005 CE). Tarikh-e Eslam (History of Islam), Tehran: University of Tehran. [In Persian]
-Garavand, Mojtaba; Arazmnejad, Adeleh, (2019 CE). "Vakavi-ye Ta'amol-e Seganeh-ye Qazavat, Khulafa va Mardom dar Asr-e Khilafat-e Abbasi (An Analysis of the Triple Interaction of Judging, Caliphs, and People in the Era of the Abbasid Caliphate)". Faslnamah-ye Tarikh-e No (New History Quarterly), Volume Twenty-Seven, pp. 41-57. [In Persian]
-Hassan, Ibrahim Hassan, (2007 CE). Tarikh-e Siyasi-e Eslam (Political History of Islam), Translated by Abolghasem Payandeh. Tehran: Javidan. [In Persian]
-Ibn Athir, Izz al-Din, (n.d.). Tarikh-e Kamil (The Complete History), Translated by Abbas Khalili, Edited by Mahyar Khalili, Vol. 10. Tehran: Iran Printing and Books Joint Stock Company. [In Persian]
-Ibn Khaldun, Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman, (2011 CE). Muqaddimah-ye Ibn Khaldun (The Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun). Translated by Mohammad Parvin Gonabadi, Vol. 2. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Ibn Tabaṭabā, Muhammad b. Ali (Ibn al-Ṭiqṭaqā), (1988 CE). Tarikh-e Fakhri (Al-Fakhri: On the Systems of Government and the Muslim Dynasties).Translated by Mohammad Vahid Golpayegani. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Imam Shoushtari, Mohammad Ali, (1971 CE). "Ta'sir-e Hoquq-e Irani-ye Ruzegar-e Sasani dar Gostaresh-e Hoquq-e Eslami (The Influence of Iranian Law of the Sassanid Era on the Development of Islamic Law)", Majalleh-ye Ma'arif-e Eslami (Islamic Sciences Journal) (Endowment Organization), (No. 13), pp. 51-55. [In Persian]
-Jafarian, Rasool, (2012 CE). Gozideh-ye Hayat-e Siyasi va Fekri-ye Emam-e Shi'eh (A Selection of the Political and Intellectual Life of the Shi'a Imam), Qom: Daftar-e Nashr-e Ma'arif. [In Persian]
-Ketabi, Abdul Hayy, (2012 CE). Nezam-e Edari-ye Mosalmanan dar Eslam (The Administrative System of Muslims in Islam). Translated by Alireza Zekavati Gharagozlou. Qom: Research Institute of Hawzeh and University in collaboration with Entesharat-e Samt. [In Persian]
-Khandamir, Ghiyath al-Din bin Hamam al-Din, (2001/1380 AH). Habib al-Siyar (The Beloved of Biographies). With an introduction by Jalal al-Din Homa'i, Vol. 2. Tehran: Khayyam. [In Persian]
-Khezri, Ahmad Reza, (2005 CE). Tarikh-e Khilafat-e Abbasi az Aghaz ta Payan-e Al-e Buyeh (The History of the Abbasid Caliphate from the Beginning to the End of the Buyid Dynasty), Tehran: Entesharat-e Samt. [In Persian]
-Khunji, Fazlollah bin Rouzbehan, (1996 CE / 1386 AH). Soluk al-Moluk (The Conduct of Kings), With an introduction and editing by Muhammad Nizam al-Din. Hyderabad, India: G. M. Printing Press. [In Persian]
-Mas'udi, Ali bin Hussein, (2002 CE). Al-Tanbih wa al-Ishraf (Admonition and Revision), Translated by Abolghasem Payandeh. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Mas'udi, Ali bin Hussein, (2003 CE). Moruj al-Dhahab wa Ma'adin al-Jawhar (Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems), Translated by Abolghasem Payandeh, Vol. 2. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Mawardi, Ali bin Muhammad, (2004 CE), Ayin-e Hokmrani (The Ordinances of Government), Translated and researched by Hossein Saberi, Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Mez, Adam, (2009 CE). Tamaddon-e Eslami dar Qarn-e Chaharom-e Hejri (The Renaissance of Islam), Translated by Alireza Zekavati Gharagozlou, Tehran: Amirkabir. [In Persian]
-Mostowfi, Hamdollah. (2002 CE). Tarikh-e Gozideh (Selected History). Under the supervision of Abdolhossein Nava'i. Tehran: Amirkabir. [In Persian]
-Mujmal al-Tawarikh wa al-Qisas (Compendium of Histories and Stories), (2010 CE). Edited by Mohammad Taghi Bahar (Malek o-Sho'ara), Under the supervision of Mohammad Ramezani, Tehran: Entesharat-e Asatir. [In Persian]
-Saket, Mohammad Hossein, (1986 CE). Nehad-e Dadrasi dar Eslam (The Judicial System in Islam), Mashhad: Entesharat-e Astan-e Qods-e Razavi. [In Persian]
-Saket, Mohammad Hossein, (Fall & Winter 1998-1999 CE). "Sazman-e Qazi al-Qozat dar Jahan-e Eslam (The Organization of the Chief Justice in the Islamic World)", Journal of the Faculty of Theology of Mashhad, Nos. 37 & 38, 64(30), pp. 51-94. [In Persian]
-Spuler, Bertold, (2007 CE). Tarikh-e Iran dar Qorun-e Nokhostin-e Eslami (The History of Iran in the Early Islamic Centuries). Translated by Javad Falatouri, Vol. 1. Tehran: Entesharat-e Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din. (2015 CE). Tarikh-e Khulafa (History of the Caliphs). Translated by Abdul Karim Arshad. Tehran: Nashr-e Ehsan. [In Persian]
-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir, (2011 CE). Tarikh-e Tabari (The History of al-Tabari), Translated by Abolghasem Payandeh, Vol. 12. Tehran: Asatir. [In Persian]
-Ya'qubi, Ibn Wadhih, (2003 CE). Tarikh-e Ya'qubi (The History of al-Ya'qubi), Translated by Mohammad Ebrahim Ayati, Vol. 2. Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi. [In Persian]
-Zaydan, Jurji, (2005 CE). Tarikh-e Tamaddon-e Eslam (History of Islamic Civilization), Translated by Ali Javaherkalam. Tehran: Amirkabir. [In Persian]
Arabic Books
-Al-Uyun wa al-Hada'iq fi Akhbar al-Haqa'iq (The Springs and Gardens in the Reports of Realities), (1871 CE), Baghdad: Printed by De Goeje, Leiden. [In Arabic]
-Ibn Abd al-Hakam al-Qurashi, Abul Qasim, (1996 CE). Futuh Misr wa Akhbaruha (The Conquests of Egypt and Its Reports), Beirut: Dar al-Fikr. [In Arabic]
-Ibn Jawzi, Abd al-Rahman, (n.d.), Al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk (The Arranged [History] of Nations and Kings), Edited by Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Ata, Vols. 9 & 10. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah. [In Arabic]
-Ibn Kathir, Abul Fida Ismail, (1408 AH). Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah (The Beginning and the End), Edited and annotated by Ali Shiri, Vol. 10. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
-Ibn Manzur, Muhammad bin Mukarram, (1414 AH). Lisan al-Arab (The Tongue of the Arabs), Vol. 15. Beirut: Dar Sadir. [In Arabic]
-Ibn Sa'd, Muhammad, (n.d.). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra (The Great Book of Classes), Vol. 7. Beirut: Dar Sadir. [In Arabic]
-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr Ahmad bin Ali, (1422 AH). Tarikh-e Baghdad (The History of Baghdad), Edited by Bashar Awwad Ma'ruf, Under the supervision of Mustafa al-Shukayri, Vols. 7 & 16. Beirut: Dar al-Maghrib al-Islami. [In Arabic]
-Kindi, Abu Umar Muhammad bin Yusuf, (1426 AH / 2005 CE), Akhbar Qudat Misr (Reports of the Judges of Egypt), As narrated by Muhammad Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzaz, Edited and investigated by Hussein Ansar, Cairo: Dar al-Kutub wa al-Watha'iq al-Qawmiyyah. [In Arabic]
-Kindi, Abu Umar Muhammad bin Yusuf, (1424 AH / 2003 CE), Al-Wulah wa al-Qudah (The Governors and the Judges), Edited by Muhammad Hassan Ismail and Farid al-Mazidi, Vol. 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah. [In Arabic]
-Qalqashandi, Abul Abbas Ahmad bin Ali, (1407 AH). Subh al-A'sha fi Sina'at al-Insha (Dawn for the Night-Blind Regarding the Craft of Composition), Vol. 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah. [In Arabic]
-Waki', Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Khalaf al-Baghdadi, (1366 AH / 1947 CE), Akhbar al-Qudah (Reports of the Judges), Edited by Abdul Aziz Mustafa al-Maraghi, Vol. 3. Cairo, Egypt: Al-Maktabah al-Tijariyyah al-Kubra. [In Arabic]
English Books
-Al-shyiab, Abdallah Ahmad Methqal, (2025), "The Abbasid Caliphs: Their Role in the Development of Islamic Politics and Culture," Journal," Journal of Lifestyle SDGS Review, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 1-15
