Research and Development in Public Law

Research and Development in Public Law

Cyclical Oversight of Legislative Implementation through Artificial Intelligence and the Advancement of Rule-Based Governance

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
ali bahadori jahromi 1
ali fatahi zafarghandi 2
1 Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD in Public Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jrpl.2025.2067761.1168
Abstract
One of the key requirements for designing an optimal legislative model in contemporary legal systems is ensuring the effectiveness of enacted laws. Utilizing innovative tools such as artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance legislative efficiency as one of the transversal elements of the concept of law in social systems. In this regard, a cyclical oversight model has been designed and implemented, which proceeds based on continuous feedback, data-driven analysis, and gradual reform of laws. Accordingly, this article aims to present an indigenous model for establishing a cyclical oversight system in the Islamic Republic of Iran, seeking to answer how efficient rule-based governance can be achieved through the use of AI-based cyclical oversight tools. The findings of this analytical research, relying on library data and authoritative sources along with reference to global experiences, indicate that the use of AI — by step-by-step design, legal simplification, data-driven indicatorization, and institutional interaction — can lead to enhanced rationality in legislation, transparency, and accountability. Furthermore, the development of data-based structures and smart monitoring systems provides legislative bodies with effective tools to observe the impact of laws and assess their outcomes. Real-time reporting, online analysis, and the use of learning algorithms contribute to more effective decision-making for legislative reform.



Within this framework, establishing intelligent mechanisms in the design of the oversight cycle can create institutional coherence and integration in the implementation of regulations by facilitating the flow of information between the parliament, executive branch, and judicial bodies. Emphasizing the experiences of leading countries in digital legislative transformation — such as Singapore and Estonia — this study demonstrates that reliance solely on traditional accountability mechanisms lacks the efficiency required to address modern socio-legal complexities, making it necessary to adopt a proactive, data-intelligent approach. Therefore, the article proposes that the creation of national databases, standardization of legal metadata, and development of AI-analytical portals capable of stakeholder interaction should be regarded as the main prerequisites for realizing the cyclical oversight model in the legislative system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Ultimately, the proposed five-stage model not only facilitates the process of continuous legal reform but may also form a basis for transitioning from reactive to anticipatory and efficient law-making in the era of digital transformation.
Keywords
Cyclical monitoring
efficient regulation
artificial intelligence
law effectiveness assessment
continuous review
Subjects
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Research and Development in Public Law
Volume 2, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
February 2026
Pages 21-56